In a significant escalation of the ongoing congressional inquiry into Jeffrey Epstein’s criminal network and its political ties, the U.S. House Oversight and Government Reform Committee voted Wednesday to advance two resolutions holding former President Bill Clinton and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in contempt of Congress for refusing to comply with subpoenas issued by the committee. The subpoenas were part of a broader investigation into Epstein and his longtime associate, Ghislaine Maxwell, as lawmakers seek testimony from various high‑profile figures to explore whether federal agencies failed to pursue leads related to Epstein’s criminal activities. This move represents the first time Congress has moved toward contempt citations for both a former president and a former cabinet official simultaneously, underscoring the rare intensity and high stakes of the probe. If adopted by the full House, the contempt resolutions could lead to criminal referrals to the U.S. Attorney for the District of Columbia, carrying potential penalties including fines and imprisonment.

The oversight panel’s actions stem from subpoenas originally issued on July 23, 2025, by the committee’s Federal Law Enforcement Subcommittee, which required both Bill and Hillary Clinton to provide sworn testimony in connection with allegations about Epstein’s political affiliations and influence. Lawmakers argued that firsthand depositions were necessary to determine whether any federal authority mishandled investigative leads or improperly shielded individuals connected to Epstein from scrutiny. Bill Clinton was scheduled to appear for a deposition on January 13, 2026, followed by Hillary Clinton on January 14, but neither attended the hearings. Instead, the Clintons’ attorneys delivered a letter to Committee Chairman James Comer (R‑KY) declaring the subpoenas “invalid” and “politically motivated,” asserting that the panel lacked a legitimate legislative purpose for demanding in‑person testimony. The Clintons’ legal team claimed they had tried to negotiate alternative arrangements, including written declarations and requests for limited private interviews, but that these offers were rejected by committee leadership.

In response to the refusals, the Oversight Committee advanced contempt resolutions by substantial margins. The measure to hold Bill Clinton in contempt passed with a 34–8 vote, including support from nine Democrats who joined Republicans in backing the motion. On the separate resolution against Hillary Clinton, the committee voted 28–15, with three Democrats siding with Republicans. The bipartisan nature of the votes was unusual and reflected deep frustration among some lawmakers over the Clintons’ refusal to appear. Committee Chairman Comer framed the decision as a matter of legal principle rather than partisan politics, emphasizing that congressional subpoenas carry the force of law and that compliance is required regardless of an individual’s status or prominence. He argued that failure to enforce subpoenas sets a dangerous precedent and undermines Congress’s constitutional oversight responsibilities.

The Clinton camp strongly disputed these claims, issuing a joint statement accusing Republicans of “weaponizing Congress for political gain” rather than conducting legitimate oversight. In their statement, the Clintons contended that the contempt proceedings were designed to derail other national priorities and represented an extreme avenue of congressional action. They wrote that Republicans were “on the cusp of bringing Congress to a halt” with a process “literally designed to result in our imprisonment,” and vowed to defend themselves vigorously. The couple also submitted sworn declarations attesting to their lack of knowledge of Epstein’s criminal behavior and noted that they had offered cooperation under limited conditions. While they denied wrongdoing, they argued that forcing in‑person testimony was unnecessary given their written responses and the public record already available.

The political dynamics around the vote were complex, with several Democratic committee members breaking ranks to join Republicans in supporting the contempt resolutions. Representatives including Maxwell Frost (FL), Raja Krishnamoorthi (IL), Summer Lee (PA), Emily Randall (WA), Lateefah Simon (CA), Melanie Stansbury (NM), Rashida Tlaib (MI), Stephen Lynch (MA), and Ayanna Pressley (MA) voted to hold Bill Clinton in contempt, while a smaller group backed the measure against Hillary Clinton. One Democrat, Rep. Dave Min (CA), voted “present” on both measures. The bipartisan votes reflected, for some lawmakers, a belief that no individual should evade congressional scrutiny — a position emphasized by both supporters and critics of the Clintons. These defections also underscored growing frustration among members from both sides of the aisle over transparency and accountability in high‑profile investigations.

Looking ahead, the contempt resolutions now await consideration by the full House of Representatives. If the full House passes the resolutions, they would be certified by the Speaker of the House and referred to the U.S. Attorney for the District of Columbia for prosecution under federal law. Contempt of Congress is a misdemeanor offense punishable by up to one year in prison and fines up to $100,000 — though it is rare for such cases to result in actual prosecution, especially involving figures of significant political stature. The committee’s action has also intensified broader debates about congressional oversight powers, executive branch accountability, and the scope of legislative authority to compel testimony from former government officials. As the House prepares to debate the measures, the outcome will likely shape how Congress engages with prominent public figures in future inquiries and could have long‑lasting implications for separation of powers and institutional accountability in Washington.